NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Since we have already seen about non-verbal communication, let's now discuss about the types of nonverbal communication.
1. FACIAL EXPRESSION
It is more responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication.
For example: In a class room when you are presenting a topic in front of the students, with the help of their facial expressions we can identify how much they are clear with the topic. The students with the broad smile and clear face shows that they understood the topic and they are ready to answer the question whatever you ask. But at the same time student with dull face at the same time fear in eyes and his facial expressions trying to show that he understood will help us to find that he is not clear with the topic.
2. GUESTURES
It's nothing but a movement or position of the hand, body, head or face that is expressive of an idea, opinion, emotion, etc.
For example:
1. Nodding the head up and down shows that you are ok with what the speaker is saying.
2. Nodding the head by sides shows that you are against the speech.
3. Nail biting shows you are nervous.
4. Clenched fist indicates anger.
5. Thumbs up shows you approval.
6. Thumbs down shows your disapproval.
7. The thumb and the index finger in a circle while extending three fingers can be used to mean okay.
8. V sign: lifting the index finger and middle finger and separating them to create a 'V' shape means peace or victory.
3. PARALINGUISTICS
Refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language. It includes the tone of voice. When the speaker gives the speech in a strong tone of voice, listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and lack of interest.
4. EYE GAZE
When a person looks directly into your eyes when having a conversation, it indicates that they are interested and paying attention. However prolonged eye contact can feel threatening. On the other hand breaking eye contact and frequently looking away indicate that the person is distracted, uncomfortable or trying to conceal his or her real feelings.
5. PERSONAL SPACE
a. Intimate distance: 6 to 18 inches
Level of physical distance often indicates a closer relationship or greater comfort between individuals. It often occurs during hugging, whispering or touching.
b. Personal distance: 1.5 to 4 feet
This level usually occurs between people who are family members or close friends.
c. Social distance: 4 to 12 feet
When someone you know fairly well such as co - worker you see several times a week, you might feel more comfortable interacting at a closer distance.
In cases where you do not know the other person well, such as postal delivery person distance of 10 to 12 feet may feel more comfortable.
d. Public distance: 12 to 25 feet
This level is often used in public speaking situations. Talking in front of class full of students or giving a presentation at work.
6. BODY LANGUAGE
a. Arms and legs: Arms and legs can also be useful in conveying nonverbal communication.
1. Crossed arms:
Indicates that a person is feel defensive, self-protective or closed off.
2. Standing with hands placed on the hips:
Can be an indication that the person is ready and in control or it can also possibly be a sign of aggressiveness.
3. Clasping the hands behind the neck:
Indicates that the person is feeling bored, anxious or even angry.
4. Rapidly tapping fingers:
Can be a sign that the person is bored.
b. Mouth expressions:
Mouth expressions and movements can also be essential in reading body language.
1. Chewing the bottom lip: Indicates individual is experiencing worry, fear.
2. Pursed lip: Indicator of distaste, disapproval.
3. Covering up the mouth: People want to hide an emotional reaction.
7. APPEARANCE
Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles and other factors affecting appearance are also considered as a means of nonverbal communication.
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